Sealer

A clear or pigmented coating, applied to an absorbent surface to reduce absorption or suction, or to a powdery or friable surface, after thorough preparation to reduce the risk of flaking of subsequent coats.
The term also refers to coatings whose function is to prevent discolouration or staining of subsequent coats by soluble matter,  Some sealers may also function as ‘primers’ (q.v.)